Learn the essential steps of performing CPR — from chest compressions to rescue breaths — to help save a life during cardiac emergencies before medical help arrives.
What is CPR?
CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) is an emergency life-saving procedure performed when the heart stops beating. It helps maintain blood flow to vital organs — especially the brain — until professional help arrives. CPR combines chest compressions with rescue breaths (in traditional CPR) or can be performed as compressions only (hands-only CPR).
When Should You Give CPR?
- Start CPR immediately if someone collapses suddenly or becomes unresponsive.
- If the person is not breathing or is only gasping, begin CPR.
Before You Begin
- Ensure safety: Make sure the area is safe.
- Check for responsiveness: Tap their shoulder and ask, “Are you okay?”
- Call emergency services. Ask for an AED if available.
- Check breathing. If not normal, start CPR.
Step-by-Step CPR (Adult)
- Place person on a firm surface. Kneel at their chest level.
- Chest Compressions: Place hands on center of chest. Push hard and fast, at least 2 inches deep, 100–120 times/minute.
- Rescue Breaths: After 30 compressions, give 2 breaths (if trained). Tilt head back, pinch nose, give full breaths.
- Use AED: If available, turn on and follow voice prompts. Resume CPR immediately after shock.
Special Cases
- Children: Use one hand for compressions.
- Drowning: Start with 2 rescue breaths first.
- Pregnant Women: Tilt slightly to the left to relieve pressure.
CPR Tips
- Stay calm and focused. Your actions matter.
- Use your whole body — not just your arms.
- Don’t stop until help arrives or you’re too exhausted.
- Consider getting certified in CPR every 1–2 years.